Optimized state estimation for nonlinear dynamical networks subject to fading measurements and stochastic coupling strength: An event-triggered communication mechanism

summary:This paper is concerned with the design of event-based state estimation algorithm for nonlinear complex networks with fading measurements and stochastic coupling strength. The event-based communication protocol is employed to save energy and enhance the network transmission efficiency, where the changeable event-triggered threshold is adopted to adjust the data transmission frequency. The phenomenon of fading measurements is described by a series of random variables obeying certain probability distribution. The aim of the paper is to propose a new recursive event-based state estimation strategy such that, for the admissible linearization error, fading measurements and stochastic coupling strength, a minimum upper bound of estimation error covariance is given by designing the estimator gain. Furthermore, the monotonicity relationship between the trace of the upper bound of estimation error covariance and the fading probability is pointed out from the theoretical aspect. Finally, a simulation example is used to show the effectiveness of developed state estimation algorithm

Variance-constrained filtering for nonlinear systems with randomly occurring quantized measurements: recursive scheme and boundedness analysis

Abstract In this paper, the robust optimal filtering problem is discussed for time-varying networked systems with randomly occurring quantized measurements via the variance-constrained method. The stochastic nonlinearity is considered by statistical form. The randomly occurring quantized measurements are expressed by a set of Bernoulli distributed random variables, where the quantized measurements are described by the logarithmic quantizer. The objective of this paper is to design a recursive optimal filter such that, for all randomly occurring uncertainties, randomly occurring quantized measurements and stochastic nonlinearity, an optimized upper bound of the estimation error covariance is given and the desired filter gain is proposed. In addition, the boundedness analysis problem is studied, where a sufficient condition is given to ensure the exponential boundedness of the filtering error in the mean-square sense. Finally, simulations with comparisons are proposed to demonstrate the validity of the presented robust variance-constrained filtering strategy

How to Price Ecosystem Water Yield Service and Determine the Amount of Compensation?—The Wei River Basin in China as an Example

Determining the price of water yield service is the core of watershed compensation. This is necessary to establish a reasonable and scientific compensation mechanism and achieve the efficient management of water. Unlike previous studies, this study establishes a theoretical model of pricing and a compensation mechanism for achieving a balance between the supply and demand of water yield service. A panel threshold model is used to estimate the production elasticity of water for pricing water yield service. Then, we analyze the spatial and temporal changes of the price and the compensation amounts of water yield service in the Wei River basin, China. The results show that: (1) The water marginal contribution to regional GDP meets the law of diminishing marginal return in the form of the threshold effect. When water input amounts (logarithm) are on both sides of 9.449, the marginal contribution is significantly different. (2) The price of water yield service shows an increasing trend. It was CNY 47.27/m3 in 2015, increasing by 472.94% compared with 2000 (CNY 8.24/m3). The spatial distribution was “high in the southeast and low in the northwest”. (3) Total payment amounts increased from CNY 33.1955 billion in 2000 to CNY 227.1302 billion in 2015 and were mainly distributed in relatively developed areas. The acceptance areas were concentrated in relatively undeveloped areas. Total acceptance amounts increased from CNY 2922.2 million in 2000 to CNY 16,398.6 million in 2015. This study can provide scientific basis for ecological compensation practices and promote high-quality development of the socio-economy of the watershed